I introduce a few about three experiments in which i looked at grammatical gender effects inside Polish

Into the Try out 1 (according to the search paradigm by Vigliocco mais aussi al., 2005) we put an effective categorization task, in which members were questioned to determine several terms and conditions from a good triad, according to the basic relationship about their similarity. The goal were to examine whether or not less than instance conditions grammatical sex effects might be present to own conceptual conditions, brands out-of pets and you may inanimate objects. Inside the Check out 2, according to the Implicit Organization Shot (IAT) paradigm, users performed a great semantic categorization activity less than major day tension. Objective was to consider conservative web chat if or not grammatical intercourse was implicitly obtainable when performing a task you to definitely operates on lexical and semantic peak. Inside Studies step 3, i examined the latest attribution from female and male voices to help you dogs and you may inanimate objects, showed sometimes once the words or photos, to make sure whether the dictate out of grammatical sex happens outside of the lexical and you will semantic account and you will with the visual representations, and privately evaluating their consequences to have verbal and graphic stimuli.

We presumed the gotten results allows me to take to the assumptions of gender and you will sex theory together with similarity and you may gender theory relating to the Shine language

In accordance with the intercourse and you may gender theory, grammatical gender outcomes are essential as healthier inside the dialects with a leading texture amongst the grammatical sex out of nouns while the physiological gender of its referents. In the Polish, this consistency is limited by proven fact that there are around three genders on just one setting (male, feminine, neutral) as well as 2 genders regarding the plural form (masculine-individual and you will low-masculine-personal), having quite an elaborate regards to their only 1 equivalents. Grammatical intercourse away from nouns varies between their only 1 and you will plural forms – the latest non-masculine-private plural mode surrounds all of the only one means nouns with the exception of masculine nouns referring to someone. For example, ‘10 pies’ (a dog) that is male when you look at the just one function, will get ‘te psy’ (dogs), which is non-masculine-personal in plural, however, ‘10 kowal’ (an effective blacksmith, masculine singular) gets ‘ci kowale’ (blacksmiths, masculine-private plural). A smaller restricted particular the fresh intercourse and you may sex hypothesis carry out assume there is grammatical sex effects simply for nouns referring to pet and you may human beings – which have a physiological gender. Regarding three studies exhibited contained in this report, i integrated nouns discussing dogs (Experiment 1 and you can step three), inanimate things (every tests) and abstract facts (Check out 1).

Various other factor relevant to new intercourse and you will sex/resemblance and you may intercourse hypotheses is that the Gloss language spends a beneficial wide variety of gender matical gender strongly related of many components of address, not just to nouns. Grammatical intercourse should be thought while using the verbs, numerals, adjectives, pronouns, an such like. And also the similarity and you can gender theory carry out anticipate that grammatical gender consequences be there throughout new showed studies, using both animate and you will inanimate nouns. Observing grammatical gender consequences to possess nouns referring to things that do not have a physiological sex would provide solid support to your similarity and you can sex theory.

This new rigid brand of the fresh sex and you can intercourse hypothesis carry out thus expect insufficient grammatical gender consequences in the Polish, not rather than many penned knowledge german born

The latest presented research also will try several way more certain research issues. Check out dos spends a changed implicit relationship attempt to investigate if grammatical sex outcomes during the Gloss exist into lexicosemantic height, and not simply to the abstract top. Test step three spends a strategy that requires attributing masculine/women voices to help you things during the a moving motion picture) to test whether or not grammatical intercourse consequences exists into an abstract level. Of course talking about lexicosemantic and you will conceptual levels of processing, i use the distinction like in Vigliocco ainsi que al. (2005, p. 510): the latest lexicosemantic peak corresponds to the brand new significance regarding terms and their linguistic running (suitable with the categories, retrieving and utilizing lexical information, an such like.) without the need to would intellectual representations of your words’ referents. However, the fresh conceptual top is founded on the fresh new mental representations of the referents as well as their features, that’s non-linguistic in general. Having fun with words in place of referring to intellectual representations out of objects is exactly lexicosemantic, whenever you are control intellectual representations without the need for language is strictly conceptual.